Process Electrowinning For Gold Mining

Electrowinning is an electrochemical process used to reduce the metal cations to the cathode surface of an aqueous solution derived from the chemical leaching proces. Electrowinning or often referred to as electroextraction is the electrodeposition of metals from ore minerals that have dissolved into the liquid and will be processed using Electrorefining to remove impurities from the metal. Electrowinning an electrolytic process that is very old in the mining industry. 

The English chemist Humphry Davy first obtained sodium metal in the form of the element in 1807 by electrolysis of molten sodium hydroxide. And then in 1847 Maximilian, Duke of Leuchtenberg first to show an experiment about Electrorefining copper. Then James Elkington patented a commercial process in 1865 and successfully opened the first factory in Pembrey, Wales in 1870. The first commercial plant in the United States is Balbach and Sons Refining and smelting Company in Newark, New Jersey in 1883

     Electrowinning is applied to a variety of chemical solutions that are found in large mining industry. This process involves the use of alkaline cyanide solution as an electrolyte in a cell as the anode and cathode, among others, can use:

ANODE      ( - )	GOLD 99,99 %	STAINLESS STEEL 316	DICOATING MERKURY COPPER	IRON
CATHODE  ( + )	SILVER  99,99	STAINLESS STEEL 316	TIN	ALUMINUM

Cell reaction that occurs is: Merkury dicoating Copper, Lead, Iron, Aluminum
Anode: 2OH-→ O2 + H2O + 2e-
Cathode: 2Au (CN) 2 - + 2e-→ 2Au + 4CN-
Overall: 2Au (CN) 2 - + 2OH-→ 2Au + O2 + H2O + 4CN-

     

How to metal gold testing

        The testing process gold from gold bouillon is very necessary, in which the gold content so that the results we obtain can be seen the most of what percentage of karat or purity levels of the value contained in the gold metal.

How to do metal gold testing, In the process of testing the gold, there are several methods that can be used, ranging from gold assay methods in a simple way to use chemical solutions to using digital tools.

Several types of testing processes such as methods Touchstone testing, Acid testing kits, Electronic gold testers.

     

Gold Panning For Identify Minerals Gold Alluvial

           There may be some of the less know how panning eluvial gold ore found on the path of the river or the prospect area which contains metallic gold ore, and how to identify alluvial gold in river to obtain a suitable sample of gold ore. The place to look for gold eluvial including creeks and ditches along the sides of hills and in depressions between the hills. Alluvial deposits occur on the hillsides and in the hollows between the hills. Then we tried along the river, which at the start of a bend in the curve of the river downstream side or bend in the river because it is usually gold ore are often stuck in there. And we can try to take a few handfuls of sand sediment and then washed with a platter.

           By using equipment made ​​from plastic pots or metal we can do an analysis of eluvial gold ore. And we also need to separate magnetic metal with a gold metal content of iron ore. Before you use these pans equipment wash with soap to remove any residual oil from the sometimes still tied at the bottom of the pan.

Step in gold panning:

Look for areas in the bend of the river that have a prospect of the gold mineral ore. Then fill the pot you use for gold panning with sand, soil and gravel that you think have gold content of ore minerals. 

Video Processing Gold Mining Newmont Mining Corporation

    Newmont Mining Corporation is a mining company based in Denver, Colorado United States, the company was founded in 1921 by Colonel William Boyce Thompson in New York United States. Newmont Mining Corporation is primarily a gold producer, with significant assets or operations in the United States, Australia, Peru, Indonesia, Ghana, Canada, New Zealand and Mexico

So how do our exploration teams Newmont Mining Corporation locate future large-scale projects gold mining? 

      The first step is prospecting. But with veins of gold Typically spanning just a few feet in width, and curving along the Earth's geography, it is extremely difficult, to pinpoint an area of exploration Among Thousands of square miles of land.

And this is a video overview of how Newmont Mining Corporation to a gold mining exploration

Newmont Mining Corporation uses several methods to reduce the size of land to explore, among others:

• Evaluate the land's geology
• Analyze the geochemistry of soil sediment and water
• Commission airborne geophysics surveys to record the level of electrical and magnetic current in the crust below.

Once a target area has been identified, and geological, geophysical and geochemical data indicate a high probability of a deposit, drilling is conducted. Drilling helps evaluate the type and grade of minerals in the ore, they mark the exact location and depth of each sample taken. Samples are then sent to an accredited lab, which identifies the type of minerals and grade of gold within them. Once information is back from the lab, then  supplement those findings with geologic, geochemical and geophysics data. Understanding the local geology is a very important part of the process, both economically and environmentally. The geology affects mining, processing and the ways in which manage waste rock, tailing and water. It is also an important aspect of rehabilitation plans.

    Production geologists use information they obtain from sampling, testing, mapping and observation to determine the most efficient and effective mining techniques, as well as to identify the grade (amount of mineral) in the ore. In gold and silver mining, grade is reported as grams per ton. Copper grade is reported as a percentage. It is important to know the grade to determine which rock is sent to the plant for processing and which rock is sent to the waste rock storage area.By using this data and complex computer programs to more accurately define the orebody, mine engineers can determine mining methods, design blast patterns, design dig patterns, and maximize the safety and efficiency of production - as well as determine how the ore should be processed.

Process Flow Gold Mining

       Gold mining was first carried out in alluvial areas, namely in watersheds that have a mineral content of the ore deposits of gold, where gold is mined by a very simple way by using the tools of a pan. This processing method gold panning is very simple, the separation between the gold ore minerals is done by shaking the pan to follow the movement of the hand that spins in the flow of water while hand is vibrated so that the gold ore will drop down, then slowly poured the water in the pan out as the flow of sea water waves , so that the sand which is above the exit wasted, while the gold ore would remain at the bottom. The separation between the gold ore with other minerals in the alluvial deposits  then developed with gold mining wave table, and then followed by a gravity separation method using the process of merging with the capture of mercury.  Gold exploration in the lower layers of soil to get the primary sediment deposits began in 1860 with gold using a cyanide treatment system. And in 1960 the method of processing low-grade gold began being applied, which carried out the processing system through leaching heap, this process is basically developed from gold processing system using cyanidation. Economic climate that developed during the decade of 60-70s also forced more and more advanced processing technology so that the plague of gold exploration gold mining began to flourish around the world. And during this decade found several technologies that can improve the recovery of gold recovery even for low-grade gold. This development was influenced by the development of chemical technology.

Some of the advanced and economical technology used in the processing of gold mining is

Carbon in Pulp (CIP)
       Carbon in pulp process or CIP was developed in the early 70's. In the process, the leaching of gold ore mineral rocks through the stages of cyanidation process, then the particles of gold in gold-rich solution is absorbed by the pores of the carbon. Carbon containing gold is then washed and the electrolysis to produce metallic gold bullion.
     
Heap Leaching
       Heap leach is a method developed by Henin and Lindstrom to process low grade ore with large scale and small production costs, so that the lowest levels of mineral ore can still be economical. This is a process heap leach gold leaching low-grade rocks are stockpiled, then the solution containing the metal particles are screened and separated by electrolysis. Heap leach done repeatedly and on a large scale.


Ore Refractories
      Ore is refractory gold ore that can not be processed by simple cyanidation because it wrapped up by other minerals, such as sulfide or telluroid. But this can be in cyanidation ore after roasting for wrapping wet mineral particles of gold. This ore can be treated by chlorination followed by cyanidation and zinc precipitation or with CIP and electrowinning.

Of all the gold mineral processing must go through several stages in all these stages it is absolutely live to get the desired results, as for some stages it can be underlined by the diagram below