The Products Of Gold Ore

 Gold within rock

Gold is produced from both primary and secondary sources , primary sources are mining activities and these take a variety of forms hard rock underground mining, open pit mining and dredging in the ocean lakes rivers and streams. Secondary sources refer to materials coming from recycled scrap metal scrap jewelry scrap electronic scrap spent sputtering targets and many others gold

From primary remaining sources in the american prospect is panning for both flakes and small nuggets in Riverbend ancient cultures occasionally found gold and silver and riverbeds also low deposit work gold is found within rock and placer deposits is where erosion has washed down from the hills and outcroppings of metal near the surface this lustrous and ductile.

Small nuggets from river

Metal was sought after throughout the centuries by almost all cultures metal jewelry artwork and eventually finding a place as monetary currency the majority of gold is mine from mineral deposits where it's found mixed with other metals and minerals these deposits are called or the ancient

Egyptians Greeks and Romans all developed underground mining operations a low deposits more than 2,000 years ago many of these vines especially in eastern europe greece turkey and other middle eastern countries are still economically viable and in production

Today pores are concentrated in veins which were formed millions of years ago deep under the earth surface. These veins were formed from hot water rising from hot magma the metal slowly precipitated out along these complex veins

Mines will also have side streams of gold and silver production which help. Their bottom line approximately twenty percent of gold is produced as a byproduct of copper and silver mining operations.

Following numerous paths approximately 70 million ounces of gold our mind each year the highest concentrations of gold found in North and South America are on both sides of the mountain ranges that run the length of these regions the sierra nevada in north america and the Andes in South America gold and silver are almost universally found in conjunction with copper deposits virtually all copper

Video  The Products Of Gold Ore

Prospecting For Lode Gold Deposits

Most lode gold deposits are found in quartz veins that commonly called “Bull Quartz” by miners that are usually emplaced in a fault zone that might consist of one large vein or a whole series of quartz veins holding gold, or both.

According to one the glossary of geology, “a lode is a mineral deposit consisting of a zone of veins, veinlets, disseminations, or planar breccias; a mineral deposit in consolidated rock.

Lode gold occurs within the solid rock in which it was deposited. Areas likely to contain valuable lode deposits of gold have been explored so thoroughly that the inexperienced prospector without ample capital has little chance of discovering a new lode worth developing. Most future discoveries of workable lode gold ore probably will result from continued investigations in areas known to be productive in the past.

Prospecting for lode deposits of gold is not the relatively simple task it once was because most outcrops or exposures of mineralized rock have been examined and sampled. Today's prospector must examine not only these exposures, but also broken rock on mine dumps and exposures of mineralized rock in accessible mine workings. Gold, if present, may not be visible in the rock, and detection will depend on the results of laboratory analyses. Usually, samples of 3 to 5 pounds of representative mineralized rock will be sent to a commercial analytical laboratory or assay office for assay. Obviously, knowledge about the geological nature of gold deposits and particularly of the rocks and deposits in the area of interest will aid the prospector.

The dictionary definition of a vein is more complex include some of the definitions :

1.  An epigenetic mineral filling of a fault or fracture in a host rock, in tabular or sheet-like form, often with associated replacement of the host rock; a mineral deposit of this form and origin.

2. A zone or belt of mineralized rock lying within boundaries clearly separating it from neighboring rock. It includes all deposits of mineral matter found through a mineralized zone or belt coming from the same source, and appearing to have been created by the same processes

3. A rock fissure filled by intruded mineral matter. Many valuable minerals are co-deposited with gangue in veins. Usually the formation is steep to vertical, unlike a bedded deposit in which values are sandwiched horizontally. Vein is typically long, deep, and relatively narrow.

4. The term lode is commonly used synonymously for vein.

Most prospectors visualize a lode to be a distinct vein of quartz. But lodes include more than just veins. But let’s briefly look at veins first.  Veins can be formed primarily of quartz, but another common gangue mineral is calcite. Gangue minerals are worthless material that is found with valuable minerals, and when combined, the two produce ore. So ore is just a mixture of the good and bad stuff.

 The formation of ore shoot in veins is not entirely understood, but they appear in many cases to be the result of changes in chemistry sometimes due to changes in the rock type in the wall rocks. They have been identified where veins are folded or where veins intersect other veins or fractures.

Video Technical Level Basic How To Find Lode Gold Deposit

Source Of Gold Ores

Gold and silver metals are obtained from a variety of different types of rock ores. Most people think of gold nuggets constitute the source of the gold. But the reality is very few gold derived from the nugget. Nearly all newly mined gold comes from ores from natural hard rock mining, fine gold grains, even microscopic particles. 

Gold widely found in nature, although it is one of rare metals. It often happens gold which known as the native metal encased within a mineral such as quartz. And historically gold the most productive, occur in the vein deposits. Currently these widespread deposits give much of the world gold ore. 

The element gold ores in nature occurs even mainly in the form of native gold, In various gold ores, original gold mineral content commonly occurs, fine mineral particles and small contained within sulfide minerals such as pyrite.

Iron pyrites a very common mineral associated with gold, but it also serves as a reducing agent. Therefore, if gold is found enclosed in pyrite, it is always free gold and not as some kind of gold sulfide. Gold also sometimes in chalcopyrite, galena and arsenopyrite and stibnite, but not as one is found in such quantities as may be found in pyrite. Other minerals such as sphalerite, pyrhotite, magnetite and hematite sometimes carry little amounts of gold as well. 

Gold also comes as Telluride as Calaverit. Common gangue in gold ores include quartz, fluorite, calcite and pyrite, but many others can be found in smaller amounts

Gold Ore Minerals :

The most prominent is pure gold – The most common the native gold contains a Little amount of silver, copper, platinum, etc. 

Telluride minerals are the most common minerals that significant gold in their makeup. These include:

• Petzite (Ag, Au) 2, Te,
• Hessit (Ag2Te)
• sylvanite (Au, Ag) Te2
• Calaverit (Au, Ag) Te2
• Krennerit (Ag2Te, Au2Te3)
• Nagyagit ( Au2, Pbi4, Sb 3, TE7, S7). 

The gold containing sulphides and tellurides, are primary formation from gold ore, although auriferous chalcopyrite could be formed by secondary enrichment process.

Native gold can occur in the primary, secondary enrichment or oxidized zones. The tellurides, which are usually associated with pyrite, are widely used, though not so often, but not always recognized; in fact, some of the miners they are mistaken for sulfides  

Common types of gold ores

Gold deposits are often classified according to their association. 

1. Of these can be cataloged as quartzose.

This means that the gangue mineral is acid, that is, quartz and fluorite which may be very abundant or the other gangue minerals of the alkaline soil group. Not infrequently, it seems varies pyrite and limited amounts of chalcopyrite and galena within quartz quantities. These are free milling ores.

Through a free milling ore it is meant that the rock does not require roasting before the gold can be recovered therefrom. Dry ore is the term that is often used for this category. 

2. Copper ores containing gold ore mineral

These are widely used in the United States and much of the chalcopyrite is gold bearing. This auriferous copper ores are particularly abundant in Colorado, Utah, Montana and British Columbia. They are also in Gold Hill, North Carolina and in Canada to Newfoundland. 

3. The class of gold ore is auriferous lead ores.

The proportion of lead in these rocks is large and the gold content is often low. They are refractory ores such as copper ore. The refractory ore is a meant requires roasting before extraction processing. The heavy sulphides as copper, lead and antimony require this method of treatment, that is the condition of the gold in the mineral will not allow of its immediate capture with most recovery systems.

4. gold ores comprises the gold-telluride group

The gold telluride ores occur accompanied by other tellurides with silver, lead and antimony or as native gold accompanied by other tellurides.  These ores are often sent directly for the treatment of smelters. 

5. Type of disseminated ore.

They are often low in grade, but present in very large numbers. They fill large fracture and fault zones or replace certain geologic horizons. They are the result of the circulation of large amounts of heated water deep underground.

Read Also

  

-How To Identify Minerals In Rocks Of Gold Ore

Gold In Quart ( Video )

Natural gold in quartz samples are crystalline gold nuggets constitute gold that are still attached in host rock which is typically made of quartz. Gold in quartz is the result of hard rock mining, where gold veins apart the gold-laden exposing the gold laden quartz within the vein.

Gold veins that are so wealthy in gold which can be seen with the naked eyes is visible are very rare, and veins so wealthy that they produce the kind of natural gold in quartz samples. In epithermal gold deposits, it is quite common for significant gold veins running through quartz rock, and these samples can be found with a high quality metal detector. 

Often quartz samples these gold are very beautiful and interesting, so they are greatly appreciated by mineral collectors, sometimes even more than the value of gold itself.

With sample-grade gold such as this, it is recommended that looking for gold collectors who pay a premium for them rather than crushing these mineral samples. However, there are occasions when it is the best interest of the prospectors to destroy these pieces of ore. 

The first discovery of gold in quartz appears from a man named Davidson, a Baptist preacher, in February 1851,on the south side of Amador creek near the spring then used by the miners. Boulders of great size were lying on top of the Soil

The intelligent men who worked while gold rush in the canyons and rivers in the early days, they found gold in the gravels. Sometimes gold was found with quartz adhering. The quartz veins lining the hills near the richest placer, also served on this rock demonstrate as the original source of the gold. In Carson Hill, and then Mariposa County, quartz found immensely wealthy, but the expense of blasting the rock out  and crushing, so that no serious attempts were made until 1851. 

The whole California gold country swarming with quartz; in some places in mountains, which had filled the ravines with broken quartz, but not all the quartz had gold in it. The miners to found gold in quart with the hard way, until some experienced men were put on many locations.

VIDEO QUARTZ VEIN GOLD ORE SPECIMEN ~ FROM GOLD MINE

Read Also :

- Types Of Gold Veins In The Mining
- How To Identify Minerals In Rocks Of Gold Ore 
- The Origin Of Gold

The Biggest Gold Nugget In The World

         A gold nugget is a naturally occurring piece of native gold. Watercourses often concentrate nuggets and finer gold in deposits placers. Nuggets are recovered by placer mining, but they are also found in residual deposits where the gold-bearing veins or lodes are weathered. Nuggets are also found in the tailings piles of mining operations. Gold nuggets are usually 20.5K to 22K purity (83% to 92%). Gold nuggets in Australia often are 23K or slightly higher, while Alaskan nuggets are usually at the lower end of the spectrum. Purity can be roughly assessed by the nugget color, the richer and deeper the orange-yellow the higher the gold content. The common impurities are silver and copper, and nuggets high in silver content constitute the alloy

     While nuggets have been found on many goldfields around the world, those from Victoria were particularly large and abundant. From the time of the first goldrushes in the early 1850s, No one knows how many nuggets were found. During the late 1800s, the Mines Department compiled an official list of discoveries and also made models of some of the large nuggets. By the time the reporting system ceased in about 1910, 1300 nuggets over 20 ounces had been recorded. However, almost certainly many more nuggets were found than were recorded, as many discoverers avoided publicity for fear of being robbed. None of the large nuggets found during the goldrushes survived, as all were quickly melted down.

Here is an discovery The biggest gold nugget in the world :

1.  Welcome Stranger Nugget

         The world's largest nugget was found just a couple of inches below the ground near Dunolly, Victoria, Australia on 5 February 1869. Welcome Stranger nugget weighing in at 2,315.5 troy ounces (72.02 kg) The Stranger gold nugget was discovered by John Deason and Richard Oates just 2 inches below the surface near a root of a tree in Bulldog Gully. Due to the size of the nugget it could not be weighed on any scales at the time and had to be broken down into 3 smaller pieces. And then the nugget was soon melted down into ingots and shipped to the Bank of England. In this 1869 illustration published shortly after the discovery, the size of the nugget (61 by 31 cm or 24 by 12 in.) is compared to a 12 inch (30 cm) scale bar. Before 1990, just about all large nuggets were melted down for their monetary value. Today there are less than a dozen known nuggets over 500 ounces. One replica of the "Welcome Stranger" nugget can be found at the City Museum in Treasury Place, in Melbourne, Victoria. The other replica is owned by descendants of John Deason.

2.  Welcome Nugget

      The Welcome Nugget was the name given to a large gold nugget, weighing 2,217 troy ounces 16 pennyweight. (68.98 kg) The original 'Welcome Nugget' was discovered on 9 June 1858 by a group of miners in the Ballart gold fields in Victoria, Australia . At the time it was the largest single piece of natural gold ever found. A little over a year later, the nugget was melted down by the London mint to make gold coins, but models were made beforehand to create replicas like the one seen here. At around 2,217 troy ounces (69 kg), it remains the second largest gold nugget ever found. Because of their scarcity, large nuggets always fetch a price well above their value as precious metal. In 2013, the Welcome Nugget's gold content alone would be valued at nearly $4 million, but an actual specimen of this size and purity would sell for many times this amount. Models of the Welcome Nugget were made and distributed to the Geological and Mining Museum in the Rocks in Sydney, and the Museum of Victoria, as well as the Powerhouse Museum, who purchased models of the Welcome Nugget. Models are also a feature of two displays in Ballarat, the Pioneer Miners (Gold) Monument on the corner of Sturt and Albert Streets in Ballarat Central and at The Gold Museum opposite Sovereign Hill at Golden Point. In the United States, a Replica of the "Welcome Nugget" is exhibited in the Mineralogical Museum at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

3.  Pepita Canaa Nugget

       The Canaã nugget, also known as the Pepita Canaa, was found on Sept 13, 1983 by miners at the Serra Pelada Mine in the State of Para, Brazil. Weighing 60.82 kilograms (134.1 lb; 2,145 oz), it is among the largest gold nuggets ever found,and is, today, the largest in existence. The main controversy regarding this nugget is that the excavation reports suggest that the existing nugget was originally part of a nugget weighing 5,291.09 ounces (150 kg; 331 lb) that broke during excavations. The Canaã nugget is displayed at the Banco Central Museum in Brazil along with the second and third largest nuggets remaining in existence, weighing respectively 1,506.2 ounces (42.70 kg; 94.14 lb) and 1,393.3 ounces (39.50 kg; 87.08 lb), which were also found at the Serra Pelada region.

4.   Blanche Barkly Gold Nugget 

The Blanche Barkly gold nugget discovered In August 1857, by Robert , James Ambrose , Samuel and Charles Napier and this gold nugget , weighing in at 1,743 oz ( 49.41 kilograms ) . The Blanche Barkley nugget was found at a depth of 13 feet, and within 5 feet or 6 feet of holes that were dug three years before.

5.  Precious Gold Nugget

       Precious gold nugget discovered 5 january 1871, by Ah chang and party , this gold nugget weighing in at 1,717 oz ( 48.67 kilograms ) . The 'Precious' nugget was originally obtained at Catto's Paddock, Berlin (now Rheola), west of Bendigo in Victoria. Depth from the surface, 12 feet. Gross weight, 1717 03. Approx. value, 6868 sterling pounds.

6.  Canadian Gold Nugget

Gold was first discovered in Ballarat on the rise above Canadian Creek at the base of Poverty Point aka Golden Point in late August (21-24th) 1851. Reports in the Geelong Advertiser instigated the first rush to the Ballarat Diggings. The Gold Commissioner exercised authority over the newly arrived diggers and friction over mining licences and policing rankled many miners, especially those who could not afford the fee. Canadian gold nugget discovered 31 january 1853 in Canadian Gully , by D, and J. Evans, J, Lees, W. Poulter and W.F.Green , this gold nugget weighing in at 1,319 oz ( 37.39 kilograms ) . Canadian gold nugget was found at a depth of 55 to 60 feet (17 to 18 m).

7.  Lady Hontham Gold Nugget

Lady Hontham weighs 1,177 oz (33.66 kilograms ). and that the nugget had been found by Mc Donald, Irwin, Cock , Radcliffe, McPhillamy, Day, Lyons and Bryant. 8 September 1854. A nugget only 8 dwt. lighter than the last-named (which was known as the Lady Hotham) was discovered in Canadian Gully, Ballarat, at a depth of 60 feet, amongst quartz boulders and wash dirt going an ounce to the ton.

8.  Great Triangle ( aka The Big Triangle ) 

        Great Triangle ( aka The Big Triangle ) which is the largest gold nugget weighs 1,157.6 oz ( 36 kilograms ). Chief Curator Gapanyuk specified that the nugget had been found by one Nikofor Syutkin, a prospector. The nugget was found in 1842 at Tsarevo-Alexandrovsky placer in the Urals location in Ural Mountains. Great Triangle gold nugget its shape approaching the rectangular triangle with the size of the other two sides 27.5 and 31 cm. Nugget thickness of an average of 8 cm is a more or less flat, complex shape of the rock crystal gold.

9.  Golden Eagle Nugget

Golden Eagle nugget weighing in at 1136 oz., found by sixteen year old Jack Larcombe on January 8th, 1931 in Larkinville, Western Australia. The nugget required two men to lift it and was given the name Golden Eagle gold nugget due to its resemblance to a bird.

10.  Sarah Sands Gold Nugget

"The Sarah Sands" nugget was also found at Canadian Gully, Ballarat on the 20th January 1853. It was at a depth of 60 feet and weighed 1,117 oz (31,66 kg). It was associated with quartz. Sarah Sands gold nugget discovered by J.W. Gough, F.J.Sulley and J. Bristow

Panning Gold Equipment

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READ MORE >>> Blue Bowl Concentrator Kit with Pump, Leg Levelers, Vial - Gold Mining Equipment

Types Of Gold Veins In The Mining

Gold vein is the outcropping of rocks and usually very often contain minerals of gold ore. In the process of vein formation is most common is gold veins that are not visible to the naked eye because it is usually always together with a mineral carrier such as quartz, sulfide, calcite and some clay minerals. And thickness of veins ranges from a few centimeters to four meters, and the length can reach several hundred meters and extending to a depth of more than 1,500 m. Some gold vein deposits are characterized by low sulphization and mineralogy consists of quartz, pyrite, galena, chalcopyrite and sphalerite are lower. In some places, sulfides are accompanied by calcite and some silver minerals. It was noted that blood vessels may be in the transition between the gold-quartz-sulfide and carbonate-base metal gold, but also distinguished from each, by different mineralogy and environmental geology

Characteristics of Gold Ore Minerals

Some characteristic features of type ore mineral type

 Gold nuggets with large size of more than 2mm. And the Nuggets usually have a 20K or pure gold content of 83% to 92% or it could be  up to  23K. And this nugget of gold usually has shades of orange yellow color. The formation  of naturally occurring surface oxide layer that inhibits adhesion between the gold flakes. So when gold pieces collide with each other under pressure, they may be joined into larger sections. Another nugget may occur in the form of the original vein prior to erosion, often showing signs of abrasive  polishing  due to  the flow. For many gold nuggets found in outcrop or in a deposit of placer gold veins or lodes that have been weathered. Gold nuggets are also many who find the prospect of the river  area  where  the area  has a  metal  mineral content is very high. 

How To Identify Minerals In Rocks Of Gold Ore

Lots of people who may have difficulty in identifying the mineral gold ore in the rocks, especially for those who would lay the carrier rock type gold because gold is usually always accompanied with a kind of mineral carriers such as mineral pyrite, chalcopyrite, pyrhotite, pentlandite, since mineral carriers is very very similar to the veins of gold ore. But for people who already have experience probably will not find it difficult to identify except gold ore or gold is very fine micro-crystals. In this situation, the gold can not be easily observed and to see a need for a tool like a magnifying glass or microscope to see the gold ores

These few simple characteristics that can be used in identifying the gold content of ore minerals contained in rock or ore :

Color : This mineral is metallic-colored variety, but depends also on the purity of gold. Sometimes gold is also colored a little pale from associating with silver metal content

Hardness: 2.5 to 3. Gold when forged with a hammer is not easily destroyed while the remaining fragile, will break and splinter when struck with a hammer. When both and placed in a pan of water, the gold will sink quickly and refused to move, the rest will sink slowly and mix with ease
Density: 15.6 to 19.3
The density varies depending on the dirt - a more pure heavy.
Gold: Usually in irregular, plate or mass scales, would rarely crystallizes. Gold is also found in groups of crystals similar to crystals Family elongated in the direction of octahedral axis. Irregular crystals distorted to the point of passing into the form of filiform, reticulated and dendritic.
Identification and Diagnostics
Easy to melt gold at 2.5 to 3. And do not easily dissolve in common acids but easily dissolved in a mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acid (aqua regia).
        Although gold is a very rare element found widely in the wild but often do so even in small quantities and often in such small particles not visible to the naked eye, or as an aggregate of quartz crystals in the cavity. Phyrite almost always associated with gold and color similar to gold but phyrite easily destroyed if the forging with a hammer. Gold is the only mineral that will easily scratch, leaving the golden-yellow powder residue. Gold also occurs as microscopic and submicroscopic particles in sulfide minerals, mainly pyrite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite and pyrhotite. All this often occurs in veins and zones of hydrothermal alteration and replacement. They occur as macroscopic grains and micro crystalline and crystalline.

The Origin Of Gold

The formation of gold through a process magmatisme on the surface as well as activities vulkanisma making it a consequence of the existence of native gold movements in the earth's heat or thermal. Some of the sediment formed by the process metasomatisme contacts and hydrothermal solutions, while the mechanical activity produces Lay or placer deposits. And genesis of gold be categorized into two namely:

• Primary deposition, which is a deposit of igneous rocks and gold form a vein (vein)
• Deposition plaser which is the origin of gold deposits of rock that has been eroded by water into a river stream and gold were deposited because of the specific weight of gold is high.