Test Pit With Trenching System In Mining

        Method of test pit excavation by trenching is one way of observing outcrop or in the search for sources of ore deposit which will be held an ore mineral exploration activities and its purpose was similar to the test pit is to get part of the vein zone is oxidized in order to obtain samples of rocks in soil characteristics, but the difference is merely a way dig dug extends in the earth's surface with trapezoidal cross-sectional shape or trenching.

Basically this pit test method has the sole purpose similar to the investigations that use the test wells. Similarly excavation way it uses the system, but the difference is in terms of its form, a test trench dug in the earth's surface extending to the shape of trapezoidal cross-section and often have a depth to 2-3 m, while the length depends on the width or thickness outcrops of mineral deposits that are sought and the amount (volume) of rock samples to be obtained. Unlike the test pit with test wells, when the number of test trenches and made ​​a lot of area easily accessible by mechanical equipment, the excavation of test trenches can be done with a dragline or hydraulic excavator (back hoe). To find the ore veins are hidden under the cover material should be dug a test trench two or more mutually perpendicular directions so that the possibility to find ore veins were bigger. If by chance the two test trenches could find ore veins outcrop, then the direction can be readily determined. Furthermore, to determine the shape and size of the ore veins are more appropriately made ​​test trenches that are parallel and perpendicular to the vein ore moves

Creating a test pit excavations conducted by the following general conditions:

Test Pit Gold Mining

The test pit is a string of activities undertaken to observe the source of mineral ore deposits in the depths of the ground and to get the vein zone is oxidized in order to obtain rock samples from the soil characteristics.  The purpose of the test pit gold mine drilling was to evaluate the value of gold content in the gravel surface and to search for the incidence of older gravel beneath glacial sedimentary units. 

In a series of test pit gold mining activities to collect the test sample contained in the soil prior to exploration activities in areas that have analyzed the existence of economic mineral content of the ore, it is necessary to perform excavation activities at some point to get evidence of rock specimens which can then be analyzed in the laboratory. 

Intake of rocks in the soil was aimed to obtain specific results of the analysis of economic ore mineral content in order to support the holding of an activity will step exploration. Investigations of rocks in the soil is done by digging a hole at a certain point in the detection of the existence of metallic elements and is usually done by digging test wells (test pit) or test trench excavation method (Trench).

METHOD OF TEST PIT WITH AUGER - DRILL SAMPLING

Drilling In Mines

Drilling is an activity or activities to make the hole using the drill unit in which the hole will be used as a place of laying explosives. Drilling is very influential in determining the outcome of fragmentation to be generated.

Geometry Of The Drilling Include :

• Diameter Hole Shot

    Diameter of the bullet holes that are too small causing the resulting energy factor will be reduced so as not big enough to unload rocks will explode, if the diameter of the hole is too large, then shoot a hole shot is not enough to produce good fragmentation, especially on the rocks there is lots of stocky with distances at high densities. A small diameter bullet holes also provide fault or destruction of the better on the roof ladder. this corresponds to stemming, where a large fire pit then the length of stemming aka also greater due to avoid vibration and fly rock, whereas if you use a small bullet hole then the length of stemming can be reduced.

• Shot Hole Depth

Blasting In The Mining Process

Blasting activities at the mine is one of the activities that are deemed to have a high enough risk. But that does not mean those activities can not be controlled. Process control these activities can be started from the process of mixing explosives ingredients, the process of filling the holes with explosives into explosive, stringing process and firing process. 

In this case an important role is to control the firing process. in a blasting operation was preceded by drilling in the mining that aims to make the hole shot. Bullet hole itself will be filled by the explosive advance in the content of the material or sand, called the Sub-drilling blasting is not intended to make results happen toes or bumps on the floor of the mine that resulted in heavy equipment difficult to move when loading and transportation of blasting. 

After condition by a series of explosives such as TNT or ANFO is equipped with nonel, we then filled covering material called stemming function withstand pressure up to the energy produced by the explosive spread of direction and control every aspect of destroying rock beside him.

Thing to consider in the process of blasting the rock properties are important:

• Violence: Prisoners of a smooth surface to abrasion. 
• Violence is used to measure the technical properties of the rock material.
• Abrasiveness: Parameters that affect the wear (age) drill bit. Abrasiveness depending on the composition of rocks. Wear and tear on the drill bit is proportional to the composition of these rocks. The content of quartz in rocks is usually considered as a reliable guide to measure the wear of the drill bit (drill bit).
• Texture: grain structure of the rocks and can be classified based on the properties of porosity, density and grain size looseness. Texture also affects the speed of drilling.
• Structure: fractures, faults, schistosity and bedding areas of rock types, dip, strike.
• Breaking characteristic: describe the nature of the rock when hit with a hammer. Each rock type has a specific nature and degree of damage associated with the texture, mineral composition and structure

In a rock blasting operation will achieve optimum results when the equipment and the equipment used in accordance with the method of blasting is applied. And both of these can be divided into

Mining Design With Minescape

Minescape is mine modeling software designed specifically for the mining industry. Because it uses an open architecture, Minescape can accommodate all aspects of the management of technical information on the mine site, ranging from the data recording drill holes up to production scheduling.

The very foundation of the design features Minescape is an open and extensible. Minescape environment supports multiple products with a specific function which allows to interactively create and develop models of geology and mining plan in detail and three-dimensional (3D).  

Minescape designed for use by all professionals mines such as surveyors, geologists and mine engineers. Flexibility is owned by Minescape enable it to use in short-term mine planning and long term for coal and ore mines.Minescape has a display called the Graphical Task intuitive interface (GTI). GTI provides user interface is organized according to task so that your job will be easier, more efficient, and reduces training needs.  

Minescape using client / server architecture to take full advantage of networked computer environment. Minescape follow standards Motif ® to provide a consistent look and feel of these things will push the cost of training and operations through the use of more intuitive. Currently Minescape can be operated on UNIX and NT platforms.