Gold Separation Process In The Mining

The process of separation of concentrate mineral ore in a Gold Mining in general should be done in a gradual manner, and the function of the separation process is to separate gold ore minerals from mineral impurities or mineral carrier. 

From the newly excavated ore from mines with very low levels of about a few grams/tonne course still needs to be upgraded to high-grade gold ore reached levels above ten grams/tonne in the way of enrichment or concentration so that it becomes feasible to extract gold. 

In the separation of gold concentrate has a variety of methods and means used, begin the process of separation of gold in a simple way and gold separation by using a chemical reagent and modern equipment. Gold separation processes with chemical reactions can use the system Cyanidation Method , Froth Flotation, Heap Leaching, Gold Processing With Method Carbon In Pulp and others. 

Except for high-grade gold ore or Gold Ore that is naturally a large grain size, so grain can be seen with the naked eye or without a microscope, because the ore of this type can easily be separated by panning or by using a gold separator machine to separate the gold ore minerals with gravity system that will separate the mineral carrier with a grains of gold ore or proceed with the amalgamation of mercury, forming amalgam gold 

    In a mineral ore mining in order to produce an ore concentrate to generate, it would require a phase separation of the rock minerals into the Mill. Of the separation process will produce concentrate gold from ore mined by separating valuable minerals from the dirt that covered it. The main steps in the process of separating gold to earn gold concentrate is crushing, grinding, flotation, and drying. 

Change the scale of destruction and milling the ore into fine sand size in order to liberate granules containing copper and gold for the separation process and to prepare the appropriate size to the next process. Once the size of the ore is reduced, the process is then performed concentration by separating minerals from mineral impurities of gold, in order to obtain higher ore grades. 

 In Alluvial Gold Deposit, ore dug directly into the stage of the process of separating gold from mineral impurities without having to go through the mill, thus directly obtained concentrates of gold grains

In the separation of ore minerals there are two separation techniques, namely physical separation by gravity separation and chemical separation by flotation separation:

Gold Cyanide Method

 Gold cyanide method is the process of dissolution of gold ore using cyanide chemicals, because every atom of gold requires dissolution of the mineral carrier or impurity with the stoichiometry of two cyanide-soluble compounds.

Gold cyanide process begins with Carl Wilhelm Scheele had discovered that the gold will be dissolved by cyanide in aqueous solution. And this gold cyanide process he discovered in 1783.

Gold cyanide method is a basic method of the gold dissolution process is often used in gold mining around the world, and gold cyanide process has been patented in 1887. The chemical reaction that occurs when the dissolution of gold cyanide is:

     4 Au + 8 NaCN + O 2 + 2 H2O → 4 Na [Au (CN) 2] + 4 NaOH

In the process of redox, oxygen removes electrons from the gold four simultaneous with the transfer of protons (H +) from water.
Mines that have used the cyanide process of gold mineral dissolution is:

Tank Leaching Gold

        Tank leaching is a mineral ore processing system is leaching by cyanidation in a stirred tank. Usually the processing tank leaching systems are often used in processing gold ore minerals. Mineral extraction of gold cyanidation using a tank in mining has increased rapidly since the mid-1980s. Extraction of gold by using a tank leaching systems typically use a lot of multiple tanks in series within a building. Different from heap leaching are located at the open air. Gold leaching process carried out by stirring the gold ore is mixed with limestone and added with a solution of cyanide in a tank and aerated with air bubbles. The duration of stirring often for 24 hours in order to produce the optimum leaching. And efficiency tank leaching of about 92% to 98% gold content of rocks

     

Test Pit With Trenching System In Mining

        Method of test pit excavation by trenching is one way of observing outcrop or in the search for sources of ore deposit which will be held an ore mineral exploration activities and its purpose was similar to the test pit is to get part of the vein zone is oxidized in order to obtain samples of rocks in soil characteristics, but the difference is merely a way dig dug extends in the earth's surface with trapezoidal cross-sectional shape or trenching.

Basically this pit test method has the sole purpose similar to the investigations that use the test wells. Similarly excavation way it uses the system, but the difference is in terms of its form, a test trench dug in the earth's surface extending to the shape of trapezoidal cross-section and often have a depth to 2-3 m, while the length depends on the width or thickness outcrops of mineral deposits that are sought and the amount (volume) of rock samples to be obtained. Unlike the test pit with test wells, when the number of test trenches and made ​​a lot of area easily accessible by mechanical equipment, the excavation of test trenches can be done with a dragline or hydraulic excavator (back hoe). To find the ore veins are hidden under the cover material should be dug a test trench two or more mutually perpendicular directions so that the possibility to find ore veins were bigger. If by chance the two test trenches could find ore veins outcrop, then the direction can be readily determined. Furthermore, to determine the shape and size of the ore veins are more appropriately made ​​test trenches that are parallel and perpendicular to the vein ore moves

Creating a test pit excavations conducted by the following general conditions:

Test Pit Gold Mining

The test pit is a string of activities undertaken to observe the source of mineral ore deposits in the depths of the ground and to get the vein zone is oxidized in order to obtain rock samples from the soil characteristics.  The purpose of the test pit gold mine drilling was to evaluate the value of gold content in the gravel surface and to search for the incidence of older gravel beneath glacial sedimentary units. 

In a series of test pit gold mining activities to collect the test sample contained in the soil prior to exploration activities in areas that have analyzed the existence of economic mineral content of the ore, it is necessary to perform excavation activities at some point to get evidence of rock specimens which can then be analyzed in the laboratory. 

Intake of rocks in the soil was aimed to obtain specific results of the analysis of economic ore mineral content in order to support the holding of an activity will step exploration. Investigations of rocks in the soil is done by digging a hole at a certain point in the detection of the existence of metallic elements and is usually done by digging test wells (test pit) or test trench excavation method (Trench).

METHOD OF TEST PIT WITH AUGER - DRILL SAMPLING